wsl

Last updated 11 months ago

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wsl

install

hyper-v

> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Hyper-V -All

wsl

> wsl --install
Installing: Virtual Machine Platform
Virtual Machine Platform has been installed.
Installing: Windows Subsystem for Linux
Windows Subsystem for Linux has been installed.
Installing: Windows Subsystem for Linux
Windows Subsystem for Linux has been installed.
Installing: Ubuntu
Ubuntu has been installed.
The requested operation is successful. Changes will not be effective until the system is rebooted.

> wsl --list --online

# or
> wsl --install -d <DistroName>

import tar.gz

> curl -fsSL -O https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/releases/focal/release/ubuntu-20.04-server-cloudimg-amd64-wsl.rootfs.tar.gz
> wsl.exe --import

appx packages

> curl -fsSL -O https://wslstorestorage.blob.core.windows.net/wslblob/Ubuntu2204-221101.AppxBundle
> Add-AppxPackage -Path /path/to/Ubuntu2204-221101.AppxBundle

reset

> wsl --unregister <DistributionName>

# or
> wslconfig /unregister <DistributionName>

Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux

> dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart

Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool
Version: 10.0.19041.844

Image Version: 10.0.19044.2604

Enabling feature(s)
[==========================100.0%==========================]
The operation completed successfully.

> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux

VirtualMachinePlatform

> dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart

Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool
Version: 10.0.19041.844

Image Version: 10.0.19044.2604

Enabling feature(s)
[==========================100.0%==========================]
The operation completed successfully.

set version to 2

> wsl --set-default-version 2
This application requires the Windows Subsystem for Linux Optional Component.
The system may need to be restarted so the changes can take effect.

upgrade

> Get-AppxPackage |? { $_.Name -like "*WindowsSubsystemforLinux*" }
Name              : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux
Publisher         : CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US
Architecture      : X64
ResourceId        :
Version           : 2.0.9.0
PackageFullName   : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_2.0.9.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe
InstallLocation   : C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_2.0.9.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe
IsFramework       : False
PackageFamilyName : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_8wekyb3d8bbwe
PublisherId       : 8wekyb3d8bbwe
IsResourcePackage : False
IsBundle          : False
IsDevelopmentMode : False
NonRemovable      : False
IsPartiallyStaged : False
SignatureKind     : Store
Status            : Ok

> wsl --update
Checking for updates.
Updating Windows Subsystem for Linux to version: 2.0.14.

> Get-AppxPackage |? { $_.Name -like "*WindowsSubsystemforLinux*" }
Name              : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux
Publisher         : CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US
Architecture      : X64
ResourceId        :
Version           : 2.0.14.0
PackageFullName   : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_2.0.14.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe
InstallLocation   : C:\Program
                    Files\WindowsApps\MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_2.0.14.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe
IsFramework       : False
PackageFamilyName : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_8wekyb3d8bbwe
PublisherId       : 8wekyb3d8bbwe
IsResourcePackage : False
IsBundle          : False
IsDevelopmentMode : False
NonRemovable      : False
IsPartiallyStaged : False
SignatureKind     : Developer
Status            : Ok

update to pre-release version

> wsl --update --pre-release
Checking for updates.
Updating Windows Subsystem for Linux to version: 2.1.3.

> Get-AppxPackage |? { $_.Name -like "*WindowsSubsystemforLinux*" }
Name              : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux
Publisher         : CN=Microsoft Corporation, O=Microsoft Corporation, L=Redmond, S=Washington, C=US
Architecture      : X64
ResourceId        :
Version           : 2.0.14.0
PackageFullName   : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_2.0.14.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe
InstallLocation   : C:\Program
                    Files\WindowsApps\MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_2.0.14.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe
IsFramework       : False
PackageFamilyName : MicrosoftCorporationII.WindowsSubsystemForLinux_8wekyb3d8bbwe
PublisherId       : 8wekyb3d8bbwe
IsResourcePackage : False
IsBundle          : False
IsDevelopmentMode : False
NonRemovable      : False
IsPartiallyStaged : False
SignatureKind     : Developer
Status            : Ok

start up WSL

download

> cd d:\Linux
> Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://wsldownload.azureedge.net/Ubuntu_2004.2020.424.0_x64.appx -OutFile Ubuntu20.04.appx -UseBasicParsing

rename

> Rename-Item .\Ubuntu20.04.appx Ubuntu.zip
> Expand-Archive .\Ubuntu.zip -Verbose
> cd .\Ubuntu\
> .\ubuntu2004.exe

init

> Restart-Computer

check

windows feature

appwiz.cpl

windows features

> Get-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online | Where-Object {$_.State -eq "Enabled"} | format-table

FeatureName                                   State
-----------                                   -----
WCF-Services45                              Enabled
WCF-TCP-PortSharing45                       Enabled
MediaPlayback                               Enabled
SmbDirect                                   Enabled
MSRDC-Infrastructure                        Enabled
MicrosoftWindowsPowerShellV2Root            Enabled
MicrosoftWindowsPowerShellV2                Enabled
NetFx4-AdvSrvs                              Enabled
Printing-PrintToPDFServices-Features        Enabled
Printing-XPSServices-Features               Enabled
SearchEngine-Client-Package                 Enabled
WorkFolders-Client                          Enabled
Internet-Explorer-Optional-amd64            Enabled
Windows-Defender-Default-Definitions        Enabled
Printing-Foundation-Features                Enabled
Printing-Foundation-InternetPrinting-Client Enabled
Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux           Enabled
VirtualMachinePlatform                      Enabled
Microsoft-Hyper-V-All                       Enabled
Microsoft-Hyper-V                           Enabled
Microsoft-Hyper-V-Tools-All                 Enabled
Microsoft-Hyper-V-Management-PowerShell     Enabled
Microsoft-Hyper-V-Hypervisor                Enabled
Microsoft-Hyper-V-Services                  Enabled
Microsoft-Hyper-V-Management-Clients        Enabled

reinstall

uninstall

destroy distros

> wsl --unregister all

# or
> wsl --unregister Ubuntu-22.04
> wsl --unregister Ubuntu
...

# if wsl hung, execute following cmd first
> taskkill /f /im wslservice.exe

uninstall in Settings > Apps > Installed apps
- Ubuntu
- Ubuntu-22.04.3 LTS

disable in Start Menu > Turn Windows Features on or off

Virtual Machine Platform
Windows Subsystem for Linux

or via

> Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName VirtualMachinePlatform
> Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux
# or
> DISM /online /disable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /norestart
> DISM /online /disable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /norestart

# check status
> Get-Service vmcompute
Status   Name               DisplayName
------   ----               -----------
Running  vmcompute          Hyper-V Host Compute Service

reboot
```
> Restart-Computer
```

others:

> Dism /online /cleanup-image /restorehealth
> sfc /scannow

reinstall

> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName VirtualMachinePlatform
> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux
> Restart-Computer
> wsl --install --distribution Ubuntu

cmds

status

check status

> wsl --status
> wsl --list --verbose

> wsl --list --verbose
  NAME            STATE           VERSION
* Ubuntu-22.04    Stopped         1
  Ubuntu          Running         2

set wsl version

set default version

> wsl --set-default-version <Version>

# i.e.:
> wsl --set-default-version 2

set distros

> wsl --set-version <distribution name> <versionNumber>

# i.e.:
> wsl --set-version Ubuntu 2

users

run as root

> wsl --distribution <Distribution Name> --user <User Name>

# i.e.:
> wsl --distribution Ubuntu-22.04 --user root

config default user

> <DistributionName> config --default-user <Username>

# i.e.:
> Ubuntu-22.04 config --default-user root

shutdown

shutdown and terminate

> wsl --shutdown
> wsl --terminate <Distribution Name>

unregister
```
> wsl --unregister <DistributionName>
```

disk

export and import

# export
> wsl --export <Distribution Name> <FileName>
# for wsl2 to .vhdx
> wsl --export <Distribution Name> --vhd <FileName>

# import
> wsl --import <Distribution Name> <InstallLocation> <FileName> [ --version 1/2 ]
# for wsl2
> wsl --import <Distribution Name> <InstallLocation> --vhd <FileName> [ --version 1/2 ]

# import a distribution
> wsl --import-in-place <Distribution Name> <FileName>

mount

> wsl --mount <DiskPath>

# for wsl2
> wsl --mount <DiskPath> --vhd
> wsl --unmount <DiskPath>

debug

dump log

> Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/microsoft/WSL/master/diagnostics/collect-wsl-logs.ps1" -OutFile collect-wsl-logs.ps1
> Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force
> .\collect-wsl-logs.ps1 -Dump

host info

powershell

> echo $PSVersionTable
Name                           Value
----                           -----
PSVersion                      7.4.1
PSEdition                      Core
GitCommitId                    7.4.1
OS                             Microsoft Windows 10.0.22621
Platform                       Win32NT
PSCompatibleVersions           {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0…}
PSRemotingProtocolVersion      2.3
SerializationVersion           1.1.0.1
WSManStackVersion              3.0

host network

> Get-Service -Name 'Host Network Service'
Status   Name               DisplayName
------   ----               -----------
Running  hns                Host Network Service

packages
```
> winget --info
```

features

VirtualMachinePlatform

# enable
> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName VirtualMachinePlatform
# or
> DISM /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /norestart

# disable
> Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName VirtualMachinePlatform
# or
> DISM /online /disable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /norestart

Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux

# enable
> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux
# or
> DISM /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /norestart

# disable
> Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux
# or
> DISM /online /disable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /norestart

hyper-v

# enable
> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Hyper-V -All
# or
> DISM /Online /Enable-Feature /All /FeatureName:Microsoft-Hyper-V-All
> DISM /Online /Enable-Feature /All /FeatureName:Microsoft-Hyper-V

# disable
> Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Hyper-V -All
# or
> DISM /Online /Enable-Feature /All /FeatureName:Microsoft-Hyper-V
> DISM /Online /Enable-Feature /All /FeatureName:Microsoft-Hyper-V-All
# win10
> Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Hyper-V-Hypervisor

services

Host Network Service

> Get-Service -Name 'Host Network Service' | Restart-Service

wslservices

# restart wslservice
> net stop wslservice
> net start wslservice

# if wsl hung, execute following cmd first
> taskkill /f /im wslservice.exe

winsock

> netsh winsock reset

# reset tcp/ip settings
> netsh int ip reset

others

mount

# /mnt/c
$ cat /etc/wsl.conf
[automount]
root=/

# mount usb ( i.e.: F: )
$ sudo mkdir /mnt/f
$ sudo mount -t drvfs H: /mnt/f

# mount dvd ( i.e.: G )
$ sudo mkdir /mnt/g
$ sudo mount -t drvfs G: /mnt/g

wsl files stored

> cd %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Packages\[distro name]

REM i.e.:
> %LOCALAPPDATA%\Packages\CanonicalGroupLimited.Ubuntu18.04onWindows_79rhkp1fndgsc\LocalState\rootfs\home\pawelb.

q&a

`Error: 0x80040326`

issue

Error: 0x80040326
Error code: Wsl/Service/CreateInstance/0x80040326

solution

# start powershell with administrator

> wsl --update
Checking for updates.
Updating Windows Subsystem for Linux...
> wsl --shutdown
> wsl -d ubuntu
To run a command as administrator (user "root"), use "sudo <command>".
See "man sudo_root" for details.

Error `4294967295`

> netsh winsock reset

# disable
> DISM /online /disable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /norestart
> DISM /online /disable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /norestart

# restart
> Restart-Computer

# enable
> DISM /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /norestart
> DISM /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /norestart

check vmcompute
```
> Get-Service vmcompute
```

run-detectors: unable to find an interpreter

# execute in wsl2
sudo update-binfmts --disable cli

$ mount | grep binfmt_misc
binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,relatime)

tip

> set "PATH=%ConEmuBaseDirShort%\wsl;%PATH%" & %ConEmuBaseDirShort%\conemu-cyg-64.exe --wsl -cur_console:pm:/mnt

enable windows programe in wsl

$ cat /etc/wsl.conf
[interop]
enabled=false

append windows path

via regedit

> REG ADD "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Lxss" /v AppendNtPath /t REG_DWORD /d 0x00000000

via wsl.conf

$ cat /etc/wsl.conf
[interop]
appendWindowsPath=false

isWsl or isUbuntu

uname -r
```
$ uname -r | grep -q "Microsoft"
```

/proc/sys/kernel/osrelease or /proc/version

$ cat /proc/version
Linux version 5.15.133.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2 (root@1c602f52c2e4) (gcc (GCC) 11.2.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.37) #1 SMP Thu Oct 5 21:02:42 UTC 2023

$ cat /proc/sys/kernel/osrelease
5.15.133.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2

enable nvim clipboard

$ sudo apt install xclip
$ nvim
:checkhealth

enable vim clipboard

# install wl-clipboard
$ sudo apt install wl-clipboard -y

$ sudo apt-get install vim-gtk
$ vim --version | grep clipboard
+clipboard         +keymap            +printer           +vertsplit
+eval              -mouse_jsbterm     -sun_workshop      +xterm_clipboard

# or
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jonathonf/vim
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install vim

vimrc

with wl-clipboard

set clipboard=unnamed
set clipboard=unnamedplus

without wl-clipboard

set clipboard^=unnamed
set clipboard^=unnamedplus

`wsl.conf`

[boot]
systemd=true

[network]
generateResolvConf = false

[automount]
enable = true
mountFsTab = true
options = "metadata,umask=22,fmask=11"

[interop]
enable = false
appendWindowsPath = false

# Settings apply across all Linux distros running on WSL 2
[wsl2]

# Limits VM memory to use no more than 4 GB, this can be set as whole numbers using GB or MB
memory=4GB

# Sets the VM to use two virtual processors
processors=4

# Specify a custom Linux kernel to use with your installed distros. The default kernel used can be found at https://github.com/microsoft/WSL2-Linux-Kernel
# kernel=C:\\temp\\myCustomKernel

# Sets additional kernel parameters, in this case enabling older Linux base images such as Centos 6
$ kernelCommandLine = vsyscall=emulate

# Sets amount of swap storage space to 8GB, default is 25% of available RAM
swap=4GB

# Sets swapfile path location, default is %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Temp\swap.vhdx
swapfile=C:\\temp\\wsl-swap.vhdx

# Disable page reporting so WSL retains all allocated memory claimed from Windows and releases none back when free
pageReporting=false

# Turn off default connection to bind WSL 2 localhost to Windows localhost
localhostforwarding=true

# Disables nested virtualization
nestedVirtualization=false

# Turns off output console showing contents of dmesg when opening a WSL 2 distro for debugging
debugConsole=false

# Enable experimental features
[experimental]
sparseVhd=true

restart wsl

> wsl --list --running
Windows Subsystem for Linux Distributions:
Ubuntu (Default)
Ubuntu-22.04

> wsl --shutdown

setup default bash

$ echo $SHELL
/bin/bash
# for current account
$ chsh -s /usr/bin/bash
# for root
$ sudo chsh -s /usr/bin/bash
$ exit

# re-login
$ echo $SHELL
/usr/bin/bash
# verify in /etc/passwd

Get-ChildItem "HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Lxss" -Recurse |
ForEach-Object {
    $distro_name = ($_ | Get-ItemProperty -Name DistributionName).DistributionName
    $distro_dir =  ($_ | Get-ItemProperty -Name BasePath).BasePath

    $distro_dir = Switch ($PSVersionTable.PSEdition) {
      "Core" {
        $distro_dir -replace '^\\\\\?\\',''
      }
      "Desktop" {
        if ($distro_dir.StartsWith('\\?\')) {
            $distro_dir
        } else {
            '\\?\' + $distro_dir
        }
      }
    }
    Write-Output "------------------------------"
    Write-Output "Distribution: $distro_name"
    Write-Output "Directory: $($distro_dir -replace '\\\\\?\\','')"
    $distro_size = "{0:N0} MB" -f ((Get-ChildItem -Recurse -LiteralPath "$distro_dir" | Measure-Object -Property Length -sum).sum / 1Mb)
    Write-Output "Size: $distro_size"
}

recover data

Get-ChildItem HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Lxss\ |
    ForEach-Object {
        (Get-ItemProperty $_.PSPATH) | Select-Object DistributionName,BasePath
    } | Format-List

mount
```
$ mount -o ro /dev/sdx /mnt/wsl-rescue
```

release disk space

> wsl --shutdown
> optimize-vhd -Path .\ext4.vhdx -Mode full

> wsl --shutdown
# open window Diskpart
> diskpart
> select vdisk file="C:\WSL-Distros\…\ext4.vhdx"
> attach vdisk readonly
> compact vdisk
> detach vdisk
> exit

[wsl2]
memory=6GB
swap=6GB

[experimental]
autoMemoryReclaim=dropcache
sparseVhd=true

> wsl --manage Ubuntu --set-sparse false

Previouschoco Nextwt

Last updated 11 months ago

Was this helpful?

install

upgrade

start up WSL

check

reinstall

uninstall

reinstall

cmds

status

users

shutdown

disk

debug

features

services

others

q&a

Error: 0x80040326

Error 4294967295

run-detectors: unable to find an interpreter

tip

isWsl or isUbuntu

enable nvim clipboard

enable vim clipboard

wsl.conf

recover data

release disk space

install

upgrade

start up WSL

check

reinstall

uninstall

reinstall

cmds

status

users

shutdown

disk

debug

features

services

others

q&a

Error: 0x80040326

Error 4294967295

run-detectors: unable to find an interpreter

tip

isWsl or isUbuntu

enable nvim clipboard

enable vim clipboard

wsl.conf

recover data

release disk space

`Error: 0x80040326`

Error `4294967295`

`wsl.conf`

`Error: 0x80040326`

Error `4294967295`

`wsl.conf`