systemctl

• needrestart

• dpkg

• service

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• ubuntu 17.10 bootup settings

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• How to automatically execute shell script at startup boot on systemd Linux

• Using systemd to control the Docker daemon

• systemd_service.5.manual

• Linux route命令详解：查看和操作IP路由表

• ubuntu配置静态路由及重启生效

• Systemd的Unit文件; systemctl增加服务详细介绍

• SystemdForUpstartUsers

• How to disable IPv6 address on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish

needrestart

[!NOTE]

• liske/needrestart

• How to Install Needrestart on Fedora 39, 38 Linux

• Debian: unattended-upgrades + needrestart

• UnattendedUpgrades

• How to stop ubuntu pop-up "Daemons using outdated libraries" when using apt to install or update packages? [closed]

• apt-get upgrade auto restart services

$ needrestart -r i -k
Scanning linux images...

Pending kernel upgrade!

Running kernel version:
  6.5.0-14-generic

  Diagnostics:
    The currently running kernel has an ABI compatible upgrade pending.

    Restarting the system to load the new kernel will not be handled automatically, so you should consider
    rebooting. [Return]

dpkg

$ sudo dpkg --list

# reconfiguring the dpkg package
$ sudo dpkg --configure -a

service

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• how we can see all running services Linux machine?
• GDM
• GNOME Display Manager

  • Display managers provide X Window System and Wayland users with a graphical login prompt.
• Ubuntu18-22.04安装和干净卸载nvidia显卡驱动——超详细、最简单

list all

$ sudo service --status-all
$ sudo service --status-all | grep '\[ + \]'
$ sudo service --status-all | grep '\[ - \]'

# list all running services on Ubuntu
$ sudo systemctl list-units
$ sudo systemctl list-units --state running

$ sudo service --status-all
 [ + ]  acpid
 [ - ]  alsa-utils
 [ - ]  anacron
 [ + ]  apparmor
 [ + ]  apport
 [ + ]  avahi-daemon
 [ - ]  bluetooth
 [ - ]  console-setup.sh
 [ + ]  cron
 [ + ]  cups
 [ + ]  cups-browsed
 [ + ]  dbus
 [ + ]  gdm3
 [ - ]  grub-common
 [ - ]  hwclock.sh
 [ + ]  irqbalance
 [ + ]  kerneloops
 [ - ]  keyboard-setup.sh
 [ + ]  kmod
 [ - ]  lm-sensors
 [ - ]  lvm2
 [ - ]  lvm2-lvmpolld
 [ + ]  openvpn
 [ - ]  plymouth
 [ + ]  plymouth-log
 [ + ]  procps
 [ - ]  pulseaudio-enable-autospawn
 [ - ]  rsync
 [ - ]  saned
 [ - ]  speech-dispatcher
 [ - ]  spice-vdagent
 [ + ]  ssh
 [ + ]  sssd
 [ + ]  udev
 [ + ]  ufw
 [ + ]  unattended-upgrades
 [ - ]  uuidd
 [ - ]  whoopsie
 [ - ]  x11-common
 [ - ]  xrdp

ubuntu 17.10 bootup settings

create script

$ cat /usr/local/bin/do_route.sh
#!/usr/bin/env bash

# Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
# 0.0.0.0         192.168.10.1    0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eno2
/sbin/route -n | grep "0\.0\.0\.0.*192\.168\.10\.1.*eno2" > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? != 0 ]; then
  sudo route add default gw 192.168.10.1
fi

## Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
## 0.0.0.0         130.147.180.65  0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eno1
/sbin/route -n | grep "0\.0\.0\.0.*130\.147\.180\.65.*eno1" > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? == 0 ]; then
  sudo route delete -net 0.0.0.0 gw 130.147.180.65 netmask 0.0.0.0
fi

host="161.92.35.78 130.147.236.5 180.166.223.190 140.207.91.234 42.99.164.34 185.46.212.34"
for _h in ${host}; do
    sudo route add -host ${_h} gw 130.147.180.65
done

route="130.147.0.0 130.140.0.0 130.146.0.0 137.55.0.0 161.83.0.0 161.84.0.0 161.85.0.0 161.88.0.0 161.91.0.0 161.92.0.0 185.166.0.0"
for _r in ${route}; do
  sudo route add -net ${_r} netmask 255.255.0.0 eno1
done

touch /home/devops/hi-marslo

create service

$ ls -altrh /lib/systemd/system/do_route.service
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 140 Jan 15 22:08 /lib/systemd/system/do_route.service

$ cat /lib/systemd/system/do_route.service
[Unit]
Description=Add static route for two interface

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/do_route.sh

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=myroute.service

enable the service

$ sudo systemctl enable do_route.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/do_route.service → /lib/systemd/system/do_route.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/myroute.service → /lib/systemd/system/do_route.service.

$ sudo systemctl start do_route.service

disable the service

$ sudo systemctl disable do_route.service
Removed /etc/systemd/system/myroute.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/do_route.service.

re-enable the service

$ sudo systemctl enable add_route.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/marslo_route.service → /lib/systemd/system/add_route.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/add_route.service → /lib/systemd/system/add_route.service.

route FLags

• U: Up: 表示此路由当前为启动状态

• H: Host: 表示此网关为一主机

• G: Gateway: 表示此网关为一路有

• R: Reinstate Route: 使用动态路由重新初始化的路由

• D: Dynamically: 此路由是动态性的写入

• M: Modifed: 此路由是有路由守护程序或导向器动态修改

• !: 关闭状态