tricky

• mode

  • diff mode

  • terminal mode

• shortcuts

  • combine multiple lines with or without space

  • Capitalize words and regions easily

  • Switching case of characters

  • counter

  • delete line without copy to default register

  • ctrl-k delete to end of line in command mode

  • g ctrl-g

• commands

  • paste command result to vim

  • search (in)sensitive

  • search in visual mode

  • sort lines

  • list all filetype

  • newline

  • redirect cmd

  • insert hex code

  • format json in vim

  • multiple repalce in silent mode

  • run command in multiple buffers

  • close buffer when close window

  • switch in buffers

  • show ascii under cursor

  • open vim with specific line Number

  • navigate to Nth column

  • jumplist

  • print path

  • format html

  • encryption with Vim

• config

  • get platform

  • disable vim beep

  • pastetoggle

  • Change up to next underscore "_" in vim

• run vim commands in terminal

  • vim open file and go to specific function or linenumber

  • using vim as a man-page viewer under unix

• vim regex

• vim pattern

  • overview of multi items

  • overview of ordinary atoms

  • matches the N pattern

• characters

• micro

  • stop macro at the end of line

• others

  • startup-options

  • save sessions resume later

  • How to Open Files with Vim

  • comments

  • statueline

  • ctags

  • edit file in remove server

[!TIP|label:references:]

• * Vim help files
• * Vim Cheat Sheet
• * vim : tip
• * vimtricks
• * Best Vim Tips
• Vim run autocmd on all filetypes EXCEPT

mode

diff mode

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• Trigger OptionSet autocommand on entering diff mode
• How to execute a function when a diff closes
• How to change editor options when switching to diff mode?
• #1545 - OptionSet diff is not invoked on closing the diff window

:echo &diff
1

• example

  autocmd BufEnter * if &diff | let g:blamer_enabled=0 | endif            " ╮ disable git blame in diff mode
  autocmd BufEnter * if ! empty(&key) | let g:blamer_enabled=0 | endif    " ╯ and encrypt mode

• change cursor shape in diff mode

  " setup cursor shape to block in diff mode
  function! CursorShapeInDiffMode()
    if &diff
      if $TERM_PROGRAM =~ "iTerm"
        let &t_SI = "\<Esc>]50;CursorShape=1\x7"
        let &t_SR = "\<Esc>]50;CursorShape=2\x7"
        let &t_EI = "\<Esc>]50;CursorShape=2\x7"
      else
        let &t_SI = "\e[1 q"
        let &t_SR = "\e[2 q"
        let &t_EI = "\e[2 q"
      endif
    endif
  endfunction
  autocmd BufRead,BufEnter,BufNewFile * :call CursorShapeInDiffMode()

• disable cursor line in diff mode

  autocmd WinEnter * if &diff | set nocursorline | endif
  
  " or
  au OptionSet diff let &cul=!v:option_new
  
  " or
  augroup CursorLine
    au!
    au FilterWritePost * if &diff | let &cul=0 |endif
    au BufEnter * if !&diff | let &cul=1 |endif
  augroup end

terminal mode

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• Nvim_terminal_emulator

  • Options: 'modified', 'scrollback'
  • Events: TermOpen, TermEnter, TermLeave, TermClose
  • Highlight groups: hl-TermCursor, hl-TermCursorNC
• autocmd-intro
• How to tell when in terminal mode?
• Why neovim's terminal is differ from vim's terminal?
• Map a key on a terminal buffer whose corresponding job is already finished
• buftype

  • <empty> : normal buffer

  • acwrite : buffer will always be written with BufWriteCmds

  • help : help buffer (do not set this manually)

  • nofile : buffer is not related to a file, will not be written

  • nowrite : buffer will not be written

  • quickfix : list of errors :cwindow or locations :lwindow

  • terminal : terminal-emulator buffer

  • prompt : buffer where only the last line can be edited, meant to be used by a plugin, see |prompt-buffer|

:echo &buftype
terminal

• autocmd

  autocmd! TermOpen,TermEnter * :IndentLinesDisable
  autocmd! TermOpen           * setlocal nonumber norelativenumber modifiable nospell
  
  " others
  autocmd! BufEnter * if &buftype ==# 'terminal' | setlocal ma | endif
  autocmd! TermOpen,BufEnter term://* :IndentLinesDisable
  autocmd TermClose * echom 'Terminal exited with status '..v:event.status

  • more

    [!NOTE|label:more:]

    • fabi1cazenave/termopen.vim
    • How to create in Terminal mode? | nomainchapou/nostalgic-term.nvim
    • to display a terminal split at the very bottom of vim window

    " go back to insert mode when entering the terminal window
    autocmd BufEnter * if &buftype == 'terminal' | :startinsert | endif
    
    function! NeovimTermOpen()
      :split
      :terminal
      :startinsert
    endfunction
    
    cabbrev ter call NeovimTermOpen()

  • startinsert

    autocmd BufWinEnter,WinEnter term://* startinsert
    autocmd BufLeave term://* stopinsert
    
    # or https://vi.stackexchange.com/q/25577/7389
    autocmd TermOpen * startinsert
    au BufEnter * if &buftype == 'terminal' | :startinsert | endif
    
    # or https://vi.stackexchange.com/a/25579/7389
    autocmd TerminalOpen * nnoremap <buffer> <c-p> :bdelete!<CR>

• keymap

  tnoremap <Esc> <C-\><C-n>
  tnoremap <expr> <C-R> '<C-\><C-N>"'.nr2char(getchar()).'pi'

• usage:

  • open top command line in vsplit

    :vsplit term://top
    " or
    :vnew | term top

  • open terminal in top pannel

    :split | resize 10 | terminal

  • open terminal when vim start

    autocmd VimEnter * ++nested split term://bash

shortcuts

combine multiple lines with or without space

• with space: J

• without space: gJ or :j!

J-gJ

Capitalize words and regions easily

shortcut	comments
gcw	capitalize word (from cursor position to end of word)
gcW	capitalize WORD (from cursor position to end of WORD)
gciw	capitalize inner word (from start to end)
gciW	capitalize inner WORD (from start to end)
gcis	capitalize inner sentence
gc$	capitalize until end of line (from cursor postition)
gcgc	capitalize whole line (from start to end)
gcc	capitalize whole line
{Visual}gc	capitalize highlighted text

" vimrc
if ( &tildeop )
  nmap gcw  guw~l
  nmap gcW  guW~l
  nmap gciw guiw~l
  nmap gciW guiW~l
  nmap gcis guis~l
  nmap gc$  gu$~l
  nmap gcgc guu~l
  nmap gcc  guu~l
  vmap gc   gu~l
else
  nmap gcw  guw~h
  nmap gcW  guW~h
  nmap gciw guiw~h
  nmap gciW guiW~h
  nmap gcis guis~h
  nmap gc$  gu$~h
  nmap gcgc guu~h
  nmap gcc  guu~h
  vmap gc   gu~h
endif

Switching case of characters

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• * Switching case of characters
• * Changing case with regular expressions

• lowercase

  gu
  
  " example
  Hello -> hello

• uppercase

  gU
  
  " example
  Hello -> HELLO

• reverse

  g~
  
  " example
  Hello -> hELLO

• more

  • g~3w : toggle case of the next three words

  • g~$ : toggle case to the end of line

  • g~iw : toggle case of the current word (inner word – cursor anywhere in word)

  • g~~ == g~g~ : toggle case of the current line (same as V~ - cursor anywhere in the line)

  • gUU == gUgU : to uppercase of the current line (same as V~ - cursor anywhere in the line)

  • guu == gugu : to lowercase of the current line (same as V~ - cursor anywhere in the line)

counter

[!NOTE|label:references]

• Simple calculations with Vim's expression register

nnoremap <leader>cr  0yt=A<C-r>=<C-r>"<CR><Esc>

vim calculator

delete line without copy to default register

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• Vim registers: The basics and beyond
• How to delete (not cut) in Vim?
• Registers
• :@ Execute the contents of register

"_dd

• or ~/.vimrc

  nnoremap rdd  "_dd
  nnoremap rdw  "_dw

ctrl-k delete to end of line in command mode

cnoremap <C-k> <C-\>e(strpart(getcmdline(), 0, getcmdpos() - 1))<CR>

g ctrl-g

g ctrl-g

commands

paste command result to vim

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• Open the output of a shell command in a split pane
• How to insert the result of a command into the text in vim?
• :r! :read!

" in cursor position"
:.! <command>

" read!
:r! <command>

" in new buffer"
:new | 0read ! <command>

vim-paste-command-output

search (in)sensitive

[!NOTE|label:reference:]

• 7. Ignoring case in a pattern

CMD	ignorecase	smartcase	MATCHES
foo	off	-	foo
foo	on	-	foo Foo FOO
foo	on	on	foo Foo FOO
Foo	on	on	Foo
Foo	on	-	foo Foo FOO
\cfoo	-	-	foo Foo FOO
foo\C	-	-	foo

:set ignorecase
:set smartcase
/example      " Case insensitive
/Example      " Case sensitive
/example\C    " Case sensitive
/Example\c    " Case insensitive

search-case-sensitive

search with \V

pattern	result
/a.k.a<CR>	backward a.k.a
/a\.k\.a<CR>	backward a.k.a
/Va.k.a<CR>	backward a.k.a

search in visual mode

[!NOTE]

• "Find next" in Vim

• v go to visual mode

• /KEYWORDS search next KEYWORDS | ?KEYWORDS search previous KEYWORDS

• enter

select until find

sort lines

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• How to sort using visual blocks
• Reverse sort lines in Vim

• sort

  :{range}sort
  
  " or
  :sort n
  
  " reverse sort
  :sort nr

  

  sort lines
• sort and unique

  :{range}sort u

  

  sort lines

list all filetype

:echo getcompletion('', 'filetype')

• or

  :echo getcompletion('c', 'filetype')

• or and use: for f in GetFiletypes() | echo f | endfor

  function! GetFiletypes()
    " Get a list of all the runtime directories by taking the value of that
    " option and splitting it using a comma as the separator.
    let rtps = split(&runtimepath, ",")
    " This will be the list of filetypes that the function returns
    let filetypes = []
  
    " Loop through each individual item in the list of runtime paths
    for rtp in rtps
      let syntax_dir = rtp . "/syntax"
      " Check to see if there is a syntax directory in this runtimepath.
      if (isdirectory(syntax_dir))
        " Loop through each vimscript file in the syntax directory
        for syntax_file in split(glob(syntax_dir . "/*.vim"), "\n")
          " Add this file to the filetypes list with its everything
          " except its name removed.
          call add(filetypes, fnamemodify(syntax_file, ":t:r"))
        endfor
      endif
    endfor
  
    " This removes any duplicates and returns the resulting list.
    " NOTE: This might not be the best way to do this, suggestions are welcome.
    return uniq(sort(filetypes))
  endfunction

newline

• reference:

  • Why is \r a newline for Vim?

- [Vim documentation: pattern](http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/pattern.html#/%5Cr) : - `\n` matches an end of line (newline) - `\r` matches a carriage return (more precisely it’s treated as the input `CR`))

redirect cmd

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• Vim save highlight info screen to file
• :redir
• Capture ex command output
• How to redirect ex command output into current buffer or file?
• * vim tips: Capture ex command output

• redir to file

  :redir > ~/Desktop/debug.txt
  :silent highlight
  :redir END

  • or

    :write | redir >> % | silent registers | redir END | edit

• to new window

  :redir @a | silent digraph | redir END | new +setl\ buftype=nofile\ bufhidden=wipe | put! a

• to TabMessage

  [!NOTE|label:references:]

  • Using tab pages

  function! TabMessage( cmd )
    redir => message
    silent execute a:cmd
    redir END
    if empty( message )
      echoerr "no output"
    else
      tabnew               " use "new" instead of "tabnew" below if you prefer split windows instead of tabs
      setlocal buftype=nofile bufhidden=wipe noswapfile nobuflisted nomodified
      silent put=message
    endif
  endfunction
  command! -nargs=+ -complete=command TabMessage call TabMessage(<q-args>)
  
  " usage:
  :TabMessage highlight

redir to debug

insert hex code

METHOD	PROS	CONS
statusline %B	native support	only shows current cursor position
char2nr()	batch processing capability	requires manual handling of encoding ranges
:ascii	displays complete encoding info	requires parsing multi-line output

:%s/^./\=submatch(0).printf(' : %04X', char2nr(submatch(0)))/

" -- result --
"  : F27D
" 󱆃 : F1183
"  : E702
"  : E62B

" using 000xxxxx instead of xxxxx
"                                                                  X: uppercase x: lowercase              X: uppercase x: lowercase
"                                                                              v                                      v
:g/^./s/^\(.\)/\=submatch(1).' : '.(char2nr(submatch(1)) > 0xFFFF ? printf('%08X', char2nr(submatch(1))) : printf('%04X', char2nr(submatch(1))))/
" or using `:s`
:%s/^./\=submatch(0).' : '.(char2nr(submatch(0)) > 0xFFFF ? printf('%08X', char2nr(submatch(0))) : printf('%04X', char2nr(submatch(0))))/

" -- result --
"  : F27D
" 󱆃 : 000F1183
"  : E702
"  : E62B

" or simulator `%B` in statusline
"                             add 0x
"                               v
:%s/^./\=submatch(0).printf(' : 0x%04X', char2nr(submatch(0)))/

" -- result --
"  : 0xF27D
" 󱆃 : 0xF1183
"  : 0xE702
"  : 0xE62B

" insert result of `:ascii`
:%s/.*/\=printf('%s : <%s>  %d,  Hex %x,  Octal %o', submatch(0), submatch(0), char2nr(submatch(0)), char2nr(submatch(0)), char2nr(submatch(0)))/

" -- result --
"  : <>  62077,  Hex f27d,  Octal 171175
" 󱆃 : <󱆃>  987523,  Hex f1183,  Octal 3610603
"  : <>  59138,  Hex e702,  Octal 163402
"  : <>  58923,  Hex e62b,  Octal 163053

using :g /./ :ascii

:g /./ :ascii

" redirect via TabMessage
:TabMessage g /./ :ascii

get hex code of char

with function

[!NOTE|label:references:] performance:

SOLUTION	SPEED	PROS	CONS
:ascii	~1.2s	exactly matches the official format	slow
char2nr()	~0.03s	fast	requires custom format
hybrid	~0.5s	balancing speed and format	requires custom format

" simple version"
function! GetAsciiInfo(char) abort
  let code = char2nr(a:char)
  let hex = printf('%X', code)
  let octal= printf('%o', code)
  return printf("'%s' %d 0x%s %o", a:char, code, hex, octal)
endfunction

" usage
:%s/^\(.\)/\=submatch(1) . ' ' . GetAsciiInfo(submatch(1))/g

" support unicode
function! AppendFullCode() range
  for lnum in range(a:firstline, a:lastline)
    let char = getline(lnum)[0]
    let code = char2nr(char)
    let hex = code > 0xffff ? printf("Hex %06x", code) : printf("Hex %04x", code)
    let oct = printf("Octal %o", code)
    call setline( lnum, printf("%s: %d, %s, %s", char, code, hex, oct) )
  endfor
endfunction

" usage
:%call AppendFullCode()

" full version
function! AppendFullAscii() range
  for lnum in range(a:firstline, a:lastline)
    let char = getline(lnum)[0]
    let code = char2nr(char)

    " get code
    let dec = code
    let hex = code > 0xffff ? printf("%08x", code) : printf("%04x", code)
    let oct = printf("%o", code)

    " UTF-8 coding
    let utf8_bytes = []
    let n = code
    while n > 0
      call insert(utf8_bytes, n % 0x100)
      let n = n / 0x100
    endwhile

    " get final string
    let result = printf("%s : DEC %d | HEX %s | OCT %o | UTF-8 %s",
          \ char, dec, hex, oct, join(map(utf8_bytes, 'printf("%02x", v:val)'), ''))
    call setline(lnum, result)
  endfor
endfunction

" usage
:%call AppendAscii()

" using `:ascii` command and redirect
function! AppendAscii() range
  let save = @a
  for lnum in range(a:firstline, a:lastline)
    let char = getline(lnum)[0]

    " go to first column
    execute lnum . 'normal! 0'

    " capture ascii result
    redir @a
    silent! ascii
    redir END

    " format output
    let output = substitute(@a, '\n', '', 'g')
    " remove <x>
    let output = substitute(output, '^<.*>\s*', '', '')
    let output = substitute(output, ',\s*Hex\s*', ', Hex ', '')
    let output = substitute(output, ',\s*Octal\s*', ', Octal ', '')

    " join string
    call setline(lnum, printf("%s: %s", char, output))
  endfor
  let @a = save
endfunction

" usage
:%call AppendAscii()

format json in vim

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• How to format a JSON file in vim
• How to format JSON file in Vim

:%!jq .

" or
:%!python -m json.tool

multiple repalce in silent mode

:silent! %s/old/new/g | %s/old2/new2/g

run command in multiple buffers

related commands:

• :argdo : all files in argument list

• :bufdo : all buffers

• :tabdo : all tabs

• :windo : all windows

reference:

• Search and replace in multiple buffers

:bufdo <command>

• replace

  # regular
  :%s/<str>/<str_new>/ge
  
  # for all buffers
  :bufdo %s/<str>/<str_new>/ge | update

• force the bufdo to continue without saving files via :bufdo!

close buffer when close window

• commands

  :windo bd
  :%bd
  :silent clear

• autocmd

  autocmd VimLeave * silent clear                                         " :windo bd
  autocmd VimLeave * silent :%bd

switch in buffers

• next buffer: ctrl + ^

• previous buffer: ctrl + 6

• first: :1b<CR>

• last: :$b<CR>

show ascii under cursor

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• various.txt
• :as or :ascii
• VimTricks : Inspect Character Under Cursor in Vim

• keyboard

  • ga

• commands

  :as
  
  " or
  :ascii
  
  " or shortcut `ga` : https://til.hashrocket.com/posts/lsqojsbmmn-get-character-without-diacritical-mark-in-vim

ascii

open vim with specific line Number

[!NOTE|label:reference]

• Edit A File Starting On The Last Line
• Edit A File At A Specific Line Number In Vim

# last line
$ vim + /path/to/file

# specific line
$ vim +123 /path/to/file

" or https://til.hashrocket.com/posts/joyovn3pau-go-to-file-with-line-number
$ vim /path/to/file:123

navigate to Nth column

N|

" i.e.: go to 15th column of current line
15|

jumplist

[!TIP|label:tips:]

• :help ''

• `:help ```

" check jump list
:jumps

" clear jump list
:clearjumps

" jump back https://til.hashrocket.com/posts/ue7f2hf8x2-jump-back-
''

" jump previous
``

print path

• relative path: ctrl + g or

  :file

• print filename

  :echo @%

• print full path

  :echo expand('%:p')

format html

:%s/></>\r</g
gg=G

encryption with Vim

set cryptmethod=blowfish2

• encrypt

  $ vim -x file.txt
  :w!
  
  # or
  :set key=<password>
  :wa!

• decrypt

  $ vim -X file.txt
  
  " or in vim
  :set key=
  :wa!

config

get platform

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• How to detect the OS from a Vim script?
• zeorin/dotfiles/.vimrc

" to avoid `system('uname')` issue in powershell/gvim/cmd
" previous solution: https://stackoverflow.com/a/57015339/2940319
"   let uname = substitute(system('uname'),'\n','','')
"   if uname == 'Linux'
" to avoid `Can't open file /proc/version` in MacOS using:
" - `has('linux')` instead of `has('unix')`
" - `has('unix') && !has('macunix')` if `has('linux')` not supported
function! IsWSL()
  if has( 'linux' )
    let lines = readfile( '/proc/version' )
    if lines[0] =~ 'Microsoft'
      return 1
    endif
  endif
  return 0
endfunction

function! IsWindows()
  return ( has('win32') || has('win64') )
endfunction

function! IsLinux()
  return has('unix') && has('linux') && !has('macunix')
endfunction

function! IsMac()
  return has('macunix')
endfunction

disable vim beep

# ~/.vimrc
set noerrorbells novisualbell visualbell                            " ┐ turn off
set t_vb=                                                           " ┘ error/normal beep/flash

pastetoggle

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• Automatically set paste mode in Vim when pasting in insert mode
• option.txt paste

• :set paste

• :set nopaste

• :set pastetoggle=<F2>

• details

  When the 'paste' option is switched on (also when it was already on):

  • mapping in Insert mode and Command-line mode is disabled
  • abbreviations are disabled
  • 'autoindent' is reset
  • 'expandtab' is reset
  • 'hkmap' is reset
  • 'revins' is reset
  • 'ruler' is reset
  • 'showmatch' is reset
  • 'smarttab' is reset
  • 'softtabstop' is set to 0
  • 'textwidth' is set to 0
  • 'wrapmargin' is set to 0
  • 'varsofttabstop' is made empty These options keep their value, but their effect is disabled:
  • 'cindent'
  • 'formatoptions' is used like it is empty
  • 'indentexpr'
  • 'lisp'
  • 'smartindent'

Change up to next underscore "_" in vim

set iskeyword-=_
nnoremap <leader>e :set iskeyword-=_<cr>diw:set iskeyword+=_<cr>i

run vim commands in terminal

[!NOTE|label:manual:]

$ man vim
...
OPTIONS
  +{command}
  -c {command}
             {command} will be executed after the first file has been read.  {command} is interpreted
             as an Ex command.  If the {command} contains spaces it must be enclosed in double quotes
             (this depends on the shell that is used).  Example: Vim "+set si" main.c
             Note: You can use up to 10 "+" or "-c" commands.

  --cmd {command}
             Like using "-c", but the command is executed just before processing any vimrc file.  You
             can use up to 10 of these commands, independently from "-c" commands.

$ vim -es -c "set ff? | q"
  fileformat=unix

vim open file and go to specific function or linenumber

$ vim +commandHere filename

# or
$ vim +linenumber filename

• without fold

  $ vim +linenumber filename -c 'normal zR'

using vim as a man-page viewer under unix

export PAGER="/bin/sh -c \"unset PAGER;col -b -x | \
       vim -R -c 'set ft=man nomod nolist' -c 'map q :q<CR>' \
       -c 'map <SPACE> <C-D>' -c 'map b <C-U>' \
       -c 'nmap K :Man <C-R>=expand(\\\"<cword>\\\")<CR><CR>' -\""

• additional highlight

  " DrChip's additional man.vim stuff
  syn match manSectionHeading "^\s\+[0-9]\+\.[0-9.]*\s\+[A-Z].*$" contains=manSectionNumber
  syn match manSectionNumber "^\s\+[0-9]\+\.[0-9]*" contained
  syn region manDQString start='[^a-zA-Z"]"[^", )]'lc=1 end='"' contains=manSQString
  syn region manSQString start="[ \t]'[^', )]"lc=1 end="'"
  syn region manSQString start="^'[^', )]"lc=1 end="'"
  syn region manBQString start="[^a-zA-Z`]`[^`, )]"lc=1 end="[`']"
  syn region manBQSQString start="``[^),']" end="''"
  syn match manBulletZone transparent "^\s\+o\s" contains=manBullet
  syn case match
  syn keyword manBullet contained o
  syn match manBullet contained "\[+*]"
  syn match manSubSectionStart "^\*" skipwhite nextgroup=manSubSection
  syn match manSubSection ".*$" contained
  
  hi link manSectionNumber Number
  hi link manDQString String
  hi link manSQString String
  hi link manBQString String
  hi link manBQSQString String
  hi link manBullet Special
  hi manSubSectionStart term=NONE cterm=NONE gui=NONE ctermfg=black ctermbg=black guifg=navyblue guibg=navyblue
  hi manSubSection term=underline cterm=underline gui=underline ctermfg=green guifg=green

vim regex

vim pattern

reference:

• magic

overview of multi items

pattern	magic	nomagic	matches of the preceding atom
/star	*	\*	0 or more   (as many as possible)
/\+	\+	\+	1 or more   (as many as possible)
/\=	\=	\=	0 or 1   (as many as possible)
/\?	\?	\?	0 or 1   (as many as possible)
/\{	\{n,m}	\{n,m}	n to m   (as many as possible)
	\{n}	\{n}	n   exactly
	\{n,}	\{n,}	at least n   (as many as possible)
	\{,m}	\{,m}	0 to m   (as many as possible)
	\{}	\{}	0 or more   (as many as possible. same as *)
/\{-	\{-n,m}	\{-n,m}	n to m   (as few as possible)
	\{-n}	\{-n}	n    exactly
	\{-n,}	\{-n,}	at least n   (as few as possible)
	\{-,m}	\{-,m}	0 to m   (as few as possible)
	\{-}	\{-}	0 or more   (as few as possible)

overview of ordinary atoms

pattern	magic	nomagic	matches
/^	^	^	start-of-line (at start of pattern) /zero-width
/\^	\^	\^	literal '^'
/\_^	\_^	\_^	start-of-line (used anywhere) /zero-width
/$	$	$	end-of-line (at end of pattern) /zero-width
/\$	\$	\$	literal '$'
/\_$	\_$	\_$	end-of-line (used anywhere) /zero-width
/.	.	\.	any single character (not an end-of-line)
/\_.	\_.	\_.	any single character or end-of-line
/\<	\<	\<	beginning of a word /zero-width
/\>	\>	\>	end of a word /zero-width
/\zs	\zs	\zs	anything, sets start of match
/\ze	\ze	\ze	anything, sets end of match
/\%^	\%^	\%^	beginning of file /zero-width E71
/\%$	\%$	\%$	end of file /zero-width
/\%V	\%V	\%V	inside Visual area /zero-width
/\%#	\%#	\%#	cursor position /zero-width
/\%'m	\%'m	\%'m	mark m position /zero-width
/\%l	\%23l	\%23l	in line 23 /zero-width
/\%c	\%23c	\%23c	in column 23 /zero-width
/\%v	\%23v	\%23v	in virtual column 23 /zero-width

matches the N pattern

• every 3rd

  \(.\{-}\zsfoo\)\{3}

  

  regex every third
• the 3rd

  ^\(.\{-}\zsPATTERN\)\{3}

  

  regex every third

\v: the following chars in the pattern are "very magic":

• ^\(.\{-}\zsPATTERN\)\{N} == > \v^(.{-}\zsPATTERN){N}

• ^\(.\{-}\zs=\)\{N} == > \v^(.{-}\zs\=){N}

NOTICE: after using \v the = should using \= instead

characters

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• * iMarslo: unicode | * iMarslo: unicode in bash
• * digraph.txt:digraph-table
• * :help i_CTRL-V
• * :help i_CTRL-K
• Vim Digraphs and Ligatures
• Vi(m) tip #2: Entering greek/math symbols using vim digraphs
• Is there a way to search inside the digraphs in Vim
• youtube : Input Special / Foreign / Non-Keyboard Characters - Vim Tips (2)
• vimticks : Insert special • characters

• :help i_CTRL-V_digit

first	char	mode	max nr of chars	max value
(none)	decimal	3	255	-
o or O	octal	3	377	(255)
x or X	hexadecimal	2	ff	(255)
u	hexadecimal	4	ffff	(65535)
U	hexadecimal	8	7fffffff	(2147483647)

• show all digraphs

  [!NOTE|label:references:]

  • * iMarslo : redirect cmd

  :redir @a | silent digraph | redir END | new +setl\ buftype=nofile\ bufhidden=wipe | put! a
  
  : or
  :redir @a | silent digraph | redir END | new +setl\ buftype=nofile\ bufhidden=wipe | put! a | on

insert unicode

• via hex

  [!NOTE|label:references:]

  • * iMarlso : show ascii under cursor
  • Unicode Chart
  • List of Unicode characters
  • List of Unicode Symbols: Complete Unicode Character Table on One Page

  • i.e.:

    • 2b38 : ⬸ : Leftwards Arrow with Dotted Stem
    • 2911 : ⤑ : Rightwards Arrow with Dotted Stem
    • steps:

      • esc : return to normal mode ( optional )

      • i || o || a || ... : insert mode

      • ctrl + v

      • insert u2b38 or u2911 : 4 digits using u

    

    i_ctrl-v u
  • emoji

    • 1F92A : 🤪 : Grinning Face With One Large And One Small Eye Emoji
    • 1F926 : 🤦 : Face Palm Emoji
    • steps:

      • esc : return to normal mode ( optional )

      • i || o || a || ... : insert mode

      • ctrl + v

      • insert U2b38 or U2911 : >4 digits using U

    

    i_ctrl-v U
• via digraph char

  [!NOTE|label:refrences:]

  • :help digraph-table
  • :help i_ctrl-k

  • i.e.:

    • 3c ㈢ 12834

    • 4c ㈣ 12835

    • 5c ㈤ 12836

    • steps:

      • esc : return to normal mode ( optional )

      • i || o || a || ... : insert mode

      • ctrl + k

      • insert 3c or 4c or 5c

    

micro

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• How do I stop a recursive macro at the end of the line?

stop macro at the end of line

:let a=line('.')
<....>                  " do micro
:if line('.')==a | exec 'normal @q' | endif
"                                |
"                                v
"                           micro name

stop recursive macro at the end of line

others

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• Insert current date or time
• Insert current directory name
• Insert current filename
• Insert line numbers
• To switch back to normal mode automatically after inaction
• Using Git from Vim
• Word count

startup-options

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• :help edit-binary

• binary mode by -b

  • binary on

  • textwidth 0

  • modeline off

  • expandtab off

save sessions resume later

:mksession! <filename>

• or

  $ vim -S <filename>

How to Open Files with Vim

comments

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• Command line tricks
• Comment Lines according to a given filetype
• Comment lines in different filetypes
• Comment your code blocks automatically
• Insert comment boxes in your code

statueline

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• Insert current date or time
• Build your own Vim statusline

• sample

  if has('statusline')
    set laststatus=2
    set statusline=%#User2#%m%r%*\ %F\ %y,%{&fileformat}
    " set statusline+=\ %{FugitiveStatusline()}                     " set statusline+=\ %{fugitive#statusline()}
    set statusline+=%=\ %-{strftime(\"%H:%M\ %d/%m/%Y\")}\ %b[A],0x%B\ %c%V,%l/%L\ %1*--%n%%--%*\ %p%%\ |
  endif

• vim-airline

ctags

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• * preservim/tagbar
• kornicameister/dotfiles/ctags.d
• mfwarren/.ctags for groovy
• ik5/dotfiles/.ctags
• aiya000/dotfiles/.ctags.d
• dansomething/dotfiles
• groovy

  • groovytags
  • sw-samuraj/vim-gradle
  • vim-scripts/vim-gradle
  • #84 groovy support? : Put this in ~/.ctags
• genctags

# Generates ctags.
#   Usage: exfind folly,common cpp,h,thrift | genctags
function genctags () {
  ctags --c++-kinds=+p --extras=+q -L -
}

edit file in remove server

$ vim scp://username@host//path/to/somefile